Unit 3 : Network Addresses

NETWORK ADDRESSES

More commonly known as IP Address. It is any logical or physical address that uniquely distinguishes a network node or device over a computer or telecommunications network. It is also the numeric address of a computer connected to the network. 

192.168.1.1 is an example of a Network Address

In addition to that, it is a set of numbers called as "octets" or "dotted decimal" notation, that identifies any network device. 

Note : "octets" comprise of 8 digit number

IP VERSIONS

1. IPV4 

- stands for IP version 4 or The Standard Version. IPv4 addresses are canonically represented in dotted-decimal notation, which consist of four decimal notations, each ranging from 0 to 255, separated by dots. Each part represents a group of 8 bits (octets) of the address.

ex. 

172.16.254.1

2. IPV6

- stands for IP version 6 or The Advanced Version. An IPv6 address is 128 bits long and is arranged in eight groups, each of which is 16 bits. Each group is expressed as four hexadecimal digits and the groups are separated by colons.

ex. 

FE80:CD00:0000:0CDE:1257:0000:211E:729C

BINARY DIGITS

- A binary digit, or bit, is the smallest unit of information in a computer. It is used for storing information and has a value. An individual bit has a value of either 0 or 1, which is generally used to store data and implement instructions in groups of bytes. A computer is often classified by the number of bits it can process at one time or by the number of bits in a memory address. Many systems use four eight-bit bytes to form a 32-bit word.

CLASSES OF IP ADDRESS

1. Class A

- Class A IP address is an IP address in which the first bit of the octet is set to zero, which provides values from 1 to 126. It is also known as the largest IP Address.

ex. 1.37.255.255 

2. Class B

- Class B IP address is an IP address which provides values from 128 to 191. 

ex. 152.32.64.0

3. Class C

- Class C IP address is an IP address which provides values from 192 to 223. 

ex. 198.32.172.89 

4. Class D

- Class D IP address is an IP address which provides values from 224 to 239. It is also used for multi-casting.

5. Class E

- Class E IP address is an IP address which provides values from 240 to 255. Class E is reserved for experimental purposes or for future purposes. 

Note : 127 - Loop Back Function of a network.

Note : Typical home network uses IP Address that starts with 192.168. IP Address such as....192.168.1.1. or 192.168.2.1.

CREATING IP ADDRESS

1. Right click, "My Network Places"
2. Click, "Properties"
3. Right click, "Local Area Connections"
4. Click, "Properties"
5. Click, "TCP/IP"
6. Click, "Properties"

• Obtain an IP Address automatically
• Use the following IP Address : 

            

7. Click, "Ok"

IP CONFIGURATIONS

1. Click, "Start Button"
2. Click, "Run"
3. Type cmd
4. Type ipconfig
5. Type ping [IP address]








https://www.techopedia.com/definition/20969/network-address
https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/IPv6-address 
techopedia.com/definition/2678/binary-digit-bit
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/17067/class-a-ip-address